The
Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World
archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw
the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear
to have arisen independently in several parts of the world. Among the
main developments achieved by humans during the Neolithic were the
creation of sedentary settlements along with the domestication of
animals and plants.
II
Learning Objectives
Understand the two core processes that allowed the survival of Neolithic societies
Explain the main characteristics of dance since the beginning of agriculture.
Discuss the importance of the Natufian culture within the context of the Neolithic period.
Experience the dynamics of the areyto dance as a retention from the Neolithic period in the Caribbean
III
Main Lesson
1
Question 1
What two core processes do we need to address in order to understand how early Neolithic societies got to survive? Explain
Read the Introduction to this book and summarize the main points addressed by the author in regards to dance.
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3
(min. 25 - 35 min.)
The
Natufian culture is a Late Epipaleolithic archaeological culture of the
Levant, dating to around 15,000 to 11,500 years ago. The culture was
unusual in that it supported a sedentary or semi-sedentary population
even before the introduction of agriculture. The Natufian communities
may be the ancestors of the builders of the first Neolithic settlements
of the region.
The Levant is
an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area
in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Western Asia. In its narrowest
sense, it is equivalent to the historical region of Syria, which
included present-day Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine and most
of Turkey south-east of the middle Euphrates.
Question 3
Why is the Natufian culture important in the context of the Neolithic period?
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IV
A Note to Remember
During
the Neolithic humans created sedentary settlements. This made possible
the domestication of animals and plants and vice versa. Dance is the
oldest and the prevalent theme of artistic scenes in the Ancient Near
East and South East Europe. Dance was also the performance mode of the
calendrical rituals of early farmers.The
Natufian culture, for instance, which predates the introduction of
agriculture, even if it had already created sedentary or semi-sedentary
settlements,were
the first people to routinely bury their dead close to or within their
living sites. The burials, which occurred both alone and in groups,suggest the performance of rituals and probably dance.
calendrical rituals:
Calendrical and commemorative rites are ritual events marking
particular times of year, or a fixed period since an important event.
Calendrical rituals give social meaning to the passage of time, creating
repetitive weekly, monthly or yearly cycles.
dance:
complex form of communication that combines the visual, kinesthetic and
aesthetic aspects of human movement with (usually) the aural dimension
of musical sounds and sometimes poetry.
community dance:
a form of group behavior whereby an indefinite number of individuals
start to move their muscles rhythmically, establish a regular beat, and
continue to do so for long enough to arouse euphoric excitement shared
by all participants. This capability marks humans off from all other
forms of life.
Natufian culture: A Late Epipaleolithic archaeological culture of the
Levant, dating to around 15,000 to 11,500 years ago. The culture was
unusual in that it supported a sedentary or semi-sedentary population
even before the introduction of agriculture. The Natufian communities
may be the ancestors of the builders of the first Neolithic settlements
of the region.
The Levant: An approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area
in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Western Asia. In its narrowest
sense, it is equivalent to the historical region of Syria, which
included present-day Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine and most
of Turkey south-east of the middle Euphrates.
REVIEW The Florida of the Inca (Page 433) https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Florida_of_the_Inca/o11AZeV4pwEC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=procession Emergence of a syncretic form of worshipping the cross brought by the Spaniard, but by the indigenous Curacas of the peninsula today called Florida. Timeline First Hominins Period: The earliest, dating 7-6 million years ago. Early Hominins Period: From 2.7 - 1.5 million years ago. Paleolithic Period: Roughly from 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 B.C. Neolithic Period: From around 4300 BC down to 2000 BC Indigenous Caribbean 1492 AD (Spider web idea) Syncretic Caribbean 2022 AD (Spider web idea) Copper or Chalcolithic Age: 3500 to 2300 BCE. I Unit: Copper Age Theme: Ritual Practices Introduction The analysis of ritual behavior and symbolism may be used as a key to understanding social structure and processes . Concepts such as rite of passage and lim...
I Unit: Homonins Theme: The Oldest Human Rituals Introduction Human evolution is the lengthy process of change by which people originated from apelike ancestors. Scientific evidence shows that the physical and behavioral traits shared by all people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of approximately seven million years. II Learning Objectives Understand the influence homonins had on human's abilities to dance Explain the importance of bipedality for dance development in the paleolithic Gain an awareness of the significance the construction of early shelters, burials and art objects had for human evolution Experience finger dexterity through choreography of hand gestures III Main Lesson 1 First Ancestors 2 N O T E S First Ancestors Our first ancestors lived 7 million years ago Bipedal, upright walking Ability to walk emerged long before humankind developed big brains. Even th...
I Unit: Ancient Egypt Theme: Ptolemic Processions Introduction The Ptolemaic dynasty, sometimes referred to as the Lagid dynasty, was a Macedonian Greek royal dynasty which ruled the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Ancient Egypt during the Hellenistic period. Their rule lasted for 275 years, from 305 to 30 BC. The Ptolemaic was the last dynasty of ancient Egypt. II Learning Objectives Understand the importance of the Ptolemaic dynasty Explain the meaning of the procession of shrines Gain an awareness of the excess of wealth displayed by processions Experience the staging of a procession III Main Lesson 1 Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon (356 BC - 323 BC) commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. A member of the Argead dynasty, he was born in Pella—a city in Ancient Greece—in 356 BC. 2 Ptolemaic Dy...
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